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Es (Cyrillic)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Cyrillic letter Es
Phonetic usage:[s] [z]
Name (Early Cyrillic alphabet):слово
Numeric value:200
Derived from:Lunate form of Greek letter Sigma (Ϲ ϲ)
The Cyrillic script
Slavic letters
АА̀А̂А̄ӒБВГ
ҐДЂЃЕЀЕ̄Е̂
ЁЄЖЗЗ́ЅИІ
ЇЍИ̂ӢЙЈК
ЛЉМНЊОО̀О̂
ŌӦПРСС́ТЋ
ЌУУ̀У̂ӮЎӰФ
ХЦЧЏШЩЪ
Ъ̀ЫЬѢЭЮЮ̀Я
Я̀
Non-Slavic letters
ӐА̊А̃Ӓ̄ӔӘӘ́Ә̃
ӚВ̌ԜГ̑Г̇Г̣Г̌Г̂
Г̆Г̈г̊ҔҒӺҒ̌
ғ̊ӶД́Д̌Д̈Д̣Д̆
ӖЕ̃Ё̄Є̈ԐԐ̈ҖӜ
ӁЖ̣ҘӞЗ̌З̣З̆Ӡ
И̃ӤҊҚӃҠҞҜ
К̣к̊қ̊ԚЛ́ӅԮ
ԒЛ̈ӍН́ӉҢԨ
ӇҤО̆О̃Ӧ̄ӨӨ̄Ө́
Ө̆ӪԤП̈ҎР̌С̌Ҫ
С̣С̱Т́Т̈Т̌Т̇Т̣Ҭ
У̃ӲУ̊Ӱ̄ҰҮҮ́
Х̣Х̱Х̮Х̑Х̌ҲӼх̊
Ӿӿ̊ҺҺ̈ԦЦ̌Ц̈Ҵ
ҶҶ̣ӴӋҸЧ̇Ч̣
ҼҾШ̣Ы̆Ы̄Ӹ
ҌҨЭ̆Э̄Э̇ӬӬ́Ӭ̄
Ю̆Ю̈Ю̄Я̆Я̄Я̈Ӏʼ
ˮ
Archaic or unused letters
А̨Б̀Б̣Б̱В̀Г̀Г̧
Г̄Г̓Г̆Ҕ̀Ҕ̆ԀД̓
Д̀Д̨ԂЕ̇Е̨
Ж̀Ж̑Џ̆
Ꚅ̆З̀З̑ԄԆ
ԪІ̂І̣І̨
Ј̵Ј̃К̓К̀К̆Ӄ̆
К̑К̇К̈К̄ԞК̂
Л̀ԠԈЛ̑Л̇Ԕ
М̀М̃Н̀Н̄Н̧
Н̃ԊԢН̡Ѻ
П̓П̀
П́ҦП̧П̑ҀԚ̆Р́
Р̀Р̃ԖС̀С̈ԌҪ̓
Т̓Т̀ԎТ̑Т̧
Ꚍ̆ѸУ̇
У̨ꙋ́Ф̑Ф̓Х́Х̀Х̆Х̇
Х̧Х̾Х̓һ̱ѠѼ
ѾЦ̀Ц́Ц̓Ꚏ̆
Ч́Ч̀Ч̆Ч̑Ч̓
ԬꚆ̆Ҽ̆Ш̀
Ш̆Ш̑Щ̆Ꚗ̆Ъ̄Ъ̈
Ъ̈̄Ы̂Ы̃Ѣ́Ѣ̈Ѣ̆
Э̨Э̂Ю̂
Я̈Я̂Я̨ԘѤѦѪ
ѨѬѮѰѲѴ
Ѷ
Es, from Alexandre Benois' 1904 alphabet book, with an illustration of sweetness (Slasti)

Es (С с; italics: С с) is a letter of the Cyrillic script.

It commonly represents the voiceless alveolar fricative /s/, like the pronunciation of ⟨s⟩ in "sand".

Coptic icon of St. Mark, clearly showing examples of lunate sigma from which the Cyrillic Es was derived

History

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The Cyrillic letter Es is derived from a variant of the Greek letter Sigma known as lunate sigma (Ϲ ϲ), in use in the Greek-speaking world in early medieval times. “Es” (Cyrillic: С) is related to the Latin letter “C” (C c), visuo-phono-semantically due to being a homoglyph and having similar roots, which C is a descendant of the Greek letter Gamma (Γ γ), and therefore С is related to the Latin C and Latin G. While the Cyrillic “С” represents the /s/ sound, many languages apply the value of /s/ to the Latin letter “C,” especially before front vowels like ‘‘e’’ and ‘‘i’’ (examples include English, French, Portuguese, and Latin American Spanish). This distinction between “hard” and “soft” C reflects historical phonetic shifts. As its name suggests, “Es” is also related to the Latin letter “S.”

The name of Es in the Early Cyrillic alphabet was слово (slovo), meaning "word" or "speech".[1]

In the Cyrillic numeral system, Es had a value of 200.

Form

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In the modern Latinized Cyrillic fonts in use today, the Cyrillic letter Es looks exactly like the Latin letter C, being one of six letters in the Cyrillic alphabet that share appearances with Latin alphabet letters but are pronounced differently (or at least differently from the most common pronunciation). This fact has been frequently abused by plagiarism detector circumventors.

Usage

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As used in the alphabets of various languages, Es represents the following sounds:

The pronunciations shown in the table are the primary ones for each language; for details consult the articles on the languages.

Language Position in
alphabet
Pronunciation
Belarusian 19th /s/, /sʲ/
Bulgarian 18th /s/, /sʲ/
Macedonian 22nd /s/
Russian 19th /s/, /sʲ/
Serbian 21st /s/
Ukrainian 22nd /s/, /sʲ/
Ossetic (Iron) 23rd /ʃ~s̠/
[edit]

Computing codes

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Character information
Preview С с
Unicode name CYRILLIC CAPITAL LETTER ES CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER ES CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER WIDE ES
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 1057 U+0421 1089 U+0441 7299 U+1C83
UTF-8 208 161 D0 A1 209 129 D1 81 225 178 131 E1 B2 83
Numeric character reference С С с с ᲃ ᲃ
Named character reference С с
KOI8-R and KOI8-U 243 F3 211 D3
Code page 855 228 E4 227 E3
Windows-1251 209 D1 241 F1
ISO-8859-5 193 C1 225 E1
Macintosh Cyrillic 145 91 241 F1
[edit]
  • The dictionary definition of С at Wiktionary
  • The dictionary definition of с at Wiktionary

References

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  1. ^ Corbett, Professor Greville; Comrie, Professor Bernard (September 2003). The Slavonic Languages. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-86137-6.