Portal:Aviation
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The Aviation Portal
Aviation includes the activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry. Aircraft includes fixed-wing and rotary-wing types, morphable wings, wing-less lifting bodies, as well as lighter-than-air aircraft such as hot air balloons and airships.
Aviation began in the 18th century with the development of the hot air balloon, an apparatus capable of atmospheric displacement through buoyancy. Some of the most significant advancements in aviation technology came with the controlled gliding flying of Otto Lilienthal in 1896; then a large step in significance came with the construction of the first powered airplane by the Wright brothers in the early 1900s. Since that time, aviation has been technologically revolutionized by the introduction of the jet which permitted a major form of transport throughout the world. (Full article...)
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Did you know
...the study of airmail is known as aerophilately? ...that the Tenerife disaster remained the deadliest aircraft incident in history until the September 11, 2001 attacks and neither plane was in flight when the accident occurred. ...that during Operation Deep Freeze II in 1956, US Navy Rear Admiral George J. Dufek commanded the first aircraft to land at the South Pole, the C-47 Skytrain “Que Sera Sera”?
General images -
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Jean-Marie Le Bris and his flying machine, Albatros II, 1868 (from History of aviation) -
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Experimental helicopter by Enrico Forlanini (1877), exposed at the Museo nazionale della scienza e della tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci of Milan, Italy (from History of aviation) -
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Early Voisin biplane (from History of aviation) -
The 14-bis, or Oiseau de proie (from History of aviation) -
D.H. Comet, the world's first jet airliner. As in this picture, it also saw RAF service (from History of aviation) -
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"Map of Air Routes and Landing Places in Great Britain, as temporarily arranged by the Air Ministry for civilian flying", published in 1919, showing Hounslow, near London, as the hub (from History of aviation) -
Nieuport IV, operated by most of the world's air forces before WW1 for reconnaissance and bombing, including during the Italian-Turkish war (from History of aviation) -
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1843 artist's impression of John Stringfellow's plane Ariel flying over the Nile (from History of aviation) -
The Biot-Massia glider, restored and on display in the Musee de l'Air (from History of aviation) -
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The business class cabin on an A350 (from Wide-body aircraft) -
Santos-Dumont's "Number 6" rounding the Eiffel Tower in the process of winning the Deutsch de la Meurthe Prize, October 1901 (from History of aviation) -
The Wright Flyer: the first sustained flight with a powered, controlled aircraft (from History of aviation) -
"Governable parachute" design of 1852 (from History of aviation) -
Alberto Santos-Dumont flying the Demoiselle over Paris (from History of aviation) -
Planophore model aeroplane by Alphonse Pénaud, 1871 (from History of aviation) -
The Aeroplane of Victor Tatin, 1879. (from History of aviation) -
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The economy class cabin of an Airbus A350 (from Wide-body aircraft) -
Flagg biplane from 1933 (from History of aviation) -
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1928 issue of Popular Aviation (now Flying magazine), which became the largest aviation magazine with a circulation of 100,000. (from History of aviation) -
Map of record breaking flights of the 1920s (from History of aviation) -
Qantas De Havilland biplane, c. 1930 (from History of aviation) -
One of Leonardo's sketches (from History of aviation) -
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Apollo 11 lifts off on its mission to land a man on the Moon (from History of aviation) -
French reconnaissance balloon L'Intrépide of 1796, the oldest existing flying device, in the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum, Vienna (from History of aviation) -
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The Wright Military Flyer aboard a wagon in 1908 (from History of aviation) -
Otto Lilienthal, 29 May 1895 (from History of aviation) -
A Boeing 787 Dreamliner of United Airlines landing at Beijing Capital International Airport in December 2018. (from Wide-body aircraft) -
Me 262, world first operational jet fighter (from History of aviation) -
Woodcut print of a kite from John Bate's 1635 book The Mysteryes of Nature and Art (from History of aviation) -
First failure of Langley's manned Aerodrome on the Potomac River, 7 October 1903 (from History of aviation) -
Maxim's flying machine (from History of aviation) -
Clément Ader Avion III (1897 photograph) (from History of aviation) -
Concorde, G-BOAB, in storage at London Heathrow Airport following the end of all Concorde flying. This aircraft flew for 22,296 hours between its first flight in 1976 and final flight in 2000 (from History of aviation) -
La France flying in 1885 (from History of aviation)
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In the news
- May 29: Austrian Airlines cancels Moscow-bound flight after Russia refuses a reroute outside Belarusian airspace
- August 8: Passenger flight crashes upon landing at Calicut airport in India
- June 4: Power firm helicopter strikes cables, crashes near Fairfield, California
- January 29: Former basketball player Kobe Bryant dies in helicopter crash, aged 41
- January 13: Iran admits downing Ukrainian jet, cites 'human error'
- January 10: Fire erupts in parking structure at Sola Airport, Norway
- October 27: US announces restrictions on flying to Cuba
- October 3: World War II era plane crashes in Connecticut, US, killing at least seven
- September 10: Nevada prop plane crash near Las Vegas leaves two dead, three injured
- August 6: French inventor Franky Zapata successfully crosses English Channel on jet-powered hoverboard
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Selected biography
The Reverend John Flynn (25 November 1880 – 5 May 1951) was an Australian Presbyterian minister and aviator who founded the Royal Flying Doctor Service, the world's first air ambulance.
Throughout his ministerial training, Flynn had worked in various then-remote areas through Victoria and South Australia. As well as tending to matters spiritual, Flynn quickly established the need for medical care for residents of the vast Australian outback, and established a number of bush hospitals. By 1917, Flynn was already considering the possibility of new technology, such as radio and the aeroplane, to assist in providing a more useful acute medical service, and then received a letter from an Australian pilot serving in World War I, Clifford Peel, who had heard of Flynn's speculations and outlined the capabilities and costs of then-available planes. Flynn turned his considerable fund-raising talents to the task of establishing a flying medical service.
The first flight of the Aerial Medical Service was in 1928 from Cloncurry. In 1934 the Australian Aerial Medical Service was formed, and gradually established a network of bases nationwide. Flynn remained the public face of the organisation (through name changes to its present form) and helped raise the funds that kept the service operating.
Selected Aircraft
The Airbus A380 is a double-deck, four-engined airliner manufactured by Airbus S.A.S. It first flew on 27 April 2005 from Toulouse–Blagnac Airport. Commercial flights began in late 2007 after months of testing, with the delivery of the first aircraft to launch customer Singapore Airlines. During much of its development phase, the aircraft was known as the Airbus A3XX, and the nickname Superjumbo has also become associated with the A380.
The A380 is double decked, with the upper deck extending along the entire length of the fuselage. This allows for a spacious cabin, with the A380 in standard three-class configuration to seat 555 people, up to maximum of 853 in full economy class configuration. Only one model of the A380 was available: The A380-800, the passenger model. It is the largest passenger airliner in the world superseding the Boeing 747. The other launch model, the A380-800F freighter, was canceled and did not join the ranks of the largest freight aircraft such as the Antonov An-225, An-124, and the C-5 Galaxy.
- Span: 79.8 m (261 ft 10 in)
- Length: 73 m (239 ft 6 in)
- Height: 24.1 m (79 ft 1 in)
- Engines: 4 * Rolls-Royce Trent 900 or Engine Alliance GP7200 (311 kN or 69,916 lbf)
- Cruising Speed: 0.85 Mach (approx 1,050 km/h or 652 mph or 567 kn)
- First Flight: 27 April 2005
- Number built: 254 (including 3 prototypes)
Today in Aviation
- 2012 – Ten Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan members attack Bacha Khan International Airport in Peshawar, Pakistan, with rocket-propelled grenades and automatic weapons, targeting Pakistani militiary facilities where attack helicopters are based and triggering a gun battle of over an hour with Pakistani security forces during which five of the attackers are killed. Three grenades strike airport property and two more land in adjacent neighborhoods. Four residents of the neighborhoods are killed and 30 to 40 injured. The five surviving attackers all are cornered and killed by Pakistani police the following day.[1][2]
- 2010 – Last operation by a Harrier Jump Jet, from RAF Cottesmore.
- 2010 – A Tara Air flight operated by DHC-6 Twin Otter 9N-AFX crashed into a mountain shortly after departure from Lamidanda Airport, Nepal. The aircraft was operating a chartered passenger flight to Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu, Nepal. All 19 passengers and crew were killed.[3]
- 2009 – First flight of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner
- 2006 – First flight of the Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II
- 2005 – Introduction: Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor. It reaches an altitude of 15,000 feet (4,600 m) in less than three minutes.
- 1997 – A chartered Tupolev Tu-154 from Tajikistan crashes in the desert near Sharjah (emirate), United Arab Emirates airport killing 85.
- 1996 – The merger of McDonnell Douglas and Boeing is announced
- 1989 – KLM Flight 867, a Boeing 747 flying from Amsterdam to Anchorage, Alaska, flies through a cloud of volcanic debris, subsequently losing power from all four engines. The crew is able to restart the engines and land the plane safely.
- 1978 – Retired: Fairey Gannet
- 1970 – Artem Mikoyan, founder of the dynasty of MiG fighters, dies at age 65.
- 1970 – U.S. Navy Grumman C-2 Greyhound, BuNo 155120, of VRC-50, crashes on takeoff from USS Ranger, in the Gulf of Tonkin. Stalled after catapult launch with a probable load shift of the cargo, reaches extreme nose-up attitude, goes into a hammerhead stall, and crashes off the carrier's port bow, 9 killed, 7 missing. Footage: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OlDmMwI9cik
- 1970 – RAF English Electric Canberra, XM267, 'E', of No 3(F) Sqron, crashed at RAF Akrotiri, Cyprus, while on detachment from Sqron base at RAF Laarbruch, Germany. On approach to Akrotiri runway pilot elected to carry out an over shoot. When both engines were throttled up the starboard engine responded and increased power; port engine failed to respond. The effect of this was the aircraft 'cartwheeled' and port wing hit the ground killing both crew and passenger. Pilot F/O R. Ellis, Navigator F/O R MacMillan, one passenger Senior Aircraftman Kim Petty-Fitzmaurice.
- 1965 – Gemini program: Gemini 6A, crewed by Wally Schirra and Thomas P. Stafford, is launched from Cape Canaveral. Four orbits later, it achieved the first space rendezvous with Gemini 7.
- 1959 – Maj J W Roberts sets a new airspeed record of 1,526 miles per hour (2,456 km/h) in a F-106 Delta Dart
- 1955 – The de Havilland Mosquito flies its final operational sortie with the Royal Air Force
- 1954 – Orenda Iroquois jet engine, designed for the Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow, made its first test run.
- 1951 – No. 421 Sqron returned after training in England and was relocated at St. Hubert, Quebec. They were re-equipped with North American F-86 Sabre fighters.
- 1951 – Introduction: Lockheed L-1049 Super Constellation
- 1948 – First flight of the Northrop X-4 Bantam
- 1948 – No. 2401 Radar Sqron (Auxiliary) – Later designated Aircraft Control and Warning Sqron – was formed at Montreal.
- 1944 – Noorduyn Norseman, 44-70285, c/n 550, disappears over the English Channel with Maj. Glenn Miller, pilot John Morgan and Lt. Col. Norman Baessell on board after departing RAF Twinwood Farm, Clapham, Bedfordshire, England. Missing Air Crew Report (MACR) 10770. It is believed that the plane was lost by straying into a forbidden zone in mid-channel which was designated for the jettisoning of surplus ordnance. On that day, a sqron of RAF Avro Lancasters had aborted a mission and were salvoing their bombloads in this zone. One crewman, a navigator, claims to have looked down and seen a Norseman flying low over the water. Before he could draw any attention to this, the Norseman was apparently overwhelmed by bomb splashes and disappeared. Other conspiracy theories about the disappearance have also been advanced.
- 1944 – U. S. forces land on Mindoro. Over the next 30 days, there will be 334 alerts of Japanese air attack on the beachhead. Kamikaze attacks begin immediately, and persist until January 4, 1945.
- 1943 – Boeing FortressBoeing Fortress of No. 168 (HT) Squadron, piloted by W/C RB Middleton, left Rockcliffe, Ontario with mail for Canadian servicemen overseas. This began RCAF air transport operations on a global scale.
- 1943 – (15-25) Japanese aircraft at Rabaul bomb U. S. forces on Bougainville nightly, killing 38 and wounding 136.
- 1943 – Fifth Air Force aircraft cover U. S. Army landings at Arawe. A strike on the landing forces by 64 Japanese naval aircraft is unsuccessful.
- 1941 – The RCAF No. 419(B) Squadron formed with Wellington IC aircraft.
- 1939 – First flight of the SNCASE Languedoc
- 1937 – A Spanish Republican offensive in the area of Teruel, Spain, begins. The ensuing Battle of Teruel will last until February 22, 1938, and involve 120 fighters, 80 bombers, and 100 other aircraft on the Republican side and 150 fighters, 100 bombers, and 110 other aircraft on the Nationalist side.
- 1920 – The first of a number of flying schools to train reserve pilots for the military opens at Orly, south of Paris.
- 1919 – First flight of the Swiss airline Ad Astra Aero S. A. was founded in Zurich.
References
- ^ Khan, Haq Nawaz, "Taliban Rockets Target Pakistani Airport," The Washington Post, December 16, 2012, p. A30.
- ^ Anonymous, "Gun Battle Follows Airport Attack in Pakistan," The Washington Post, December 17, 2012, p. A4.
- ^ Hradecky, Simon (15 December 2010). "Crash: Tara Air DHC6 near Okhaldhunga on December 15th 2010, aircraft impacted mountain". Aviation Herald. Retrieved 16 December 2010.
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